Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi, left, delivers his speech flanked by Reform Minister Umberto Bossi, center, and Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti, at the Lower Chamber, in Rome, Thursday, Oct. 13, 2011. Berlusconi appealed to lawmakers to support his government in a confidence vote, saying that his government is the only "credible alternative." Berlusconi defended his government in a 15-minute address Thursday, a day before a vote of confidence that will test if the premier retains a majority in Parliament. The crisis was provoked when lawmakers this week blocked routine legislation, raising calls from the opposition for his immediate resignation. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi, left, delivers his speech flanked by Reform Minister Umberto Bossi, center, and Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti, at the Lower Chamber, in Rome, Thursday, Oct. 13, 2011. Berlusconi appealed to lawmakers to support his government in a confidence vote, saying that his government is the only "credible alternative." Berlusconi defended his government in a 15-minute address Thursday, a day before a vote of confidence that will test if the premier retains a majority in Parliament. The crisis was provoked when lawmakers this week blocked routine legislation, raising calls from the opposition for his immediate resignation. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi, left, delivers his speech flanked by Reform Minister Umberto Bossi, center, and Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti, at the Lower Chamber, in Rome, Thursday, Oct. 13, 2011. Berlusconi appealed to lawmakers to support his government in a confidence vote, saying that his government is the only "credible alternative." Berlusconi defended his government in a 15-minute address Thursday, a day before a vote of confidence that will test if the premier retains a majority in Parliament. The crisis was provoked when lawmakers this week blocked routine legislation, raising calls from the opposition for his immediate resignation. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi, left, delivers his speech flanked by Reform Minister Umberto Bossi, center, and Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti, at the Lower Chamber, in Rome, Thursday, Oct. 13, 2011. Berlusconi appealed to lawmakers to support his government in a confidence vote, saying that his government is the only "credible alternative." Berlusconi defended his government in a 15-minute address Thursday, a day before a vote of confidence that will test if the premier retains a majority in Parliament. The crisis was provoked when lawmakers this week blocked routine legislation, raising calls from the opposition for his immediate resignation. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi, left, listens to Reform Minister Umberto Bossi, at the Lower Chamber, in Rome, Thursday, Oct. 13, 2011. Berlusconi appealed to lawmakers to support his government in a confidence vote, saying that his government is the only "credible alternative." Berlusconi defended his government in a 15-minute address Thursday, a day before a vote of confidence that will test if the premier retains a majority in Parliament. The crisis was provoked when lawmakers this week blocked routine legislation, raising calls from the opposition for his immediate resignation. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi, left, shakes hands with Reform Minister Umberto Bossi, at the Lower Chamber, in Rome, Thursday, Oct. 13, 2011. Berlusconi appealed to lawmakers to support his government in a confidence vote, saying that his government is the only "credible alternative." Berlusconi defended his government in a 15-minute address Thursday, a day before a vote of confidence that will test if the premier retains a majority in Parliament. The crisis was provoked when lawmakers this week blocked routine legislation, raising calls from the opposition for his immediate resignation. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini)
ROME (AP) ? Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi faced a confidence vote in Parliament Friday that is seen as the most serious threat to his political survival since the billionaire media baron was swept into power nearly two decades ago.
Parliament began debating before the vote, which is expected at midday.
With an electorate weary of the scandals engulfing the premier and worried about Italy's economy, Berlusconi is facing repeated calls for his resignation from his political rivals, labor unions and parts of the business community that once considered him their savior.
But the latest threat to his 3 1/2-year-old government has come from within his own fractious coalition: Earlier this week, parliament's lower house failed to approve an article of the budget review by a single vote. Berlusconi's own financial minister missed the balloting by 30 seconds.
The failure of the measure prompted opposition lawmakers to demand Berlusconi's immediate resignation and the country's ceremonial president to urge the premier to prove his government still retained a parliamentary majority. The confidence vote will test that, and if the vote fails the 75-year Berlusconi will have to resign.
Berlusconi made clear in a 15-minute address Thursday that he has no intention of stepping down ? and that if he loses, the only alternative is new elections, not a government of nonpolitical "technicians" as some have proposed.
"The government asks for a confirmation of confidence because it is deeply aware of the risks facing the country and because the deadlines imposed by the markets are not compatible with those of certain political rituals," Berlusconi told lawmakers.
Berlusconi has steadfastly hung onto power even as his leadership has been weakened by personal sex scandals that have even brought thinly veiled criticism from Pope Benedict XVI. In addition, he's facing four criminal trials and Italy's increasingly precarious financial position. Three ratings agencies have downgraded the country's public debt, citing Italy's political gridlock as a key reason.
But Berlusconi has shown amazing staying power in the face of prostitution scandals, howling gaffes and a very public separation from his wife. He has always maintained his innocence and blamed overzealous, left-leaning prosecutors bent on ousting him from power.
"There is a boulder that weighs on this country. The magistrates," he has said of the prosecutors he has likened to leftist terrorists.
Still, political analysts agree the scandals have cost Berlusconi any hope of one day taking over Italy's ceremonial presidency, while he himself has ruled out running again when his term ends in 2013, handpicking his former justice minister to succeed him.
So it is assumed that should he fall from power now, it will mark the end of a political drama that began when Berlusconi won 1994 elections, pledging to keep "communists" at the gate and making still largely unfilled promises to modernize the country.
Opposition leader Pierluigi Bersani said Thursday that surviving a confidence vote is not the same as governing a country.
"The government is not coping with the situation. The problems have all been laid out, but he only knows how to stay nailed to his seat by using tricks," Bersani said.
Thousands of demonstrators known as the "indignati" are expected to attend a massive rally in Rome on Saturday targeting the government, banks and financial institutions.
Berlusconi's coalition partner, the Northern League, has indicated only grudging support for the leader, saying publicly that it is not sure Berlusconi will complete his mandate in 2013.
The confidence vote comes at a crucial moment for Italy, which is under pressure to come up with growth-promoting measures to avert being dragged into Europe's widening sovereign debt crisis. Italy has one of the highest public debts in the eurozone, nearing 120 percent of gross domestic product.
Addressing lawmakers, Berlusconi argued that only a democratically elected government enjoyed the support needed to make the painful but necessary decisions to stabilize Italy's finances. The opposition mostly boycotted the premier's appearance, leaving half the seats in parliament empty. But Berlusconi was flanked by Foreign Minister Franco Frattini and other Cabinet ministers, and was frequently interrupted by applause in a show of unity.
On Wednesday, Central Bank chief Mario Draghi, who takes over the helm of the European Central Bank on Nov. 1, urged the government to act more quickly to implement reforms that can spur growth ? beyond the austerity package that put Italy on the path to balance its budget by 2013.
Otherwise, Draghi warned that the rising cost of borrowing to service national debt seen over the last three months will eat up "no small part" of the austerity package approved by Parliament last month.
The package of euro54 billion ($70 billion) in tax increases and spending cuts aims to balance Italy's budget by 2013.
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